干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2023 , Vol. 40 >Issue 4: 636 - 646

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2023.04.12

植物生态

近35 a新疆天山巴音布鲁克草原退化程度评价

  • 赵剑 ,
  • 邓成军 ,
  • 李文利 ,
  • 赵金 ,
  • 公延明 ,
  • 李凯辉
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  • 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所巴音布鲁克草原生态系统研究站，新疆 巴音布鲁克 841314
    3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
    4.新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州草原工作站，新疆 库尔勒 841000
赵剑（1997-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事草原生态遥感监测. E-mail: 715171198@qq.com

收稿日期: 2022-06-06

  修回日期: 2023-01-28

  网络出版日期: 2023-04-28

基金资助

第三次新疆科学考察项目(2022xjkk0401);王宽诚教育基金会(中亚咸海生态与环境修复国际研究团队)

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Evaluation of the degree of degradation of Xinjiang Tianshan Bayinbuluk grassland in 35 years

  • Jian ZHAO ,
  • Chengjun DENG ,
  • Wenli LI ,
  • Jin ZHAO ,
  • Yanming GONG ,
  • Kaihui LI
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  • 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    2. Bayinbuluk Grassland Ecosystem Research, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bayinbuluk 841314, Xinjiang, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. Grassland Workstation of Bayinguoleng Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Kuerle 841000, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2022-06-06

  Revised date: 2023-01-28

  Online published: 2023-04-28

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摘要

植被覆盖度和生产力指标作为评价草原生态系统退化已有较多研究，各单一评价指标互相独立难以对不同草原退化程度进行综合评价。本研究以新疆天山中部巴音布鲁克草原为研究对象，提出了一种基于标准化处理分指标耦合的草原退化遥感评估方法。选取草原植被覆盖度、草层平均高度、总产草量3个分指标，通过主成分分析法确定分指标权重，并引入Min-Max标准化方法处理并构建综合评价指标草地退化指数（Grassland Degradation Index，GDI），最终通过Landsat影像反演以及草地退化指数变化率的合理分级评估了1986—2021年新疆天山巴音布鲁克草原的退化程度。结果表明：（1） GDIg与NDVI的相关性最好。（2） 2021年巴音布鲁克草原未退化面积占总面积的比例为60.51 %；不同草地类型的草地退化程度有明显差异；空间分布上表现为由盆地向山地退化加重的趋势。（3） 通过辐射配准方法可以将GDIrs模型应用于其他年份，2000—2009年巴音布鲁克草原退化程度明显改善，2009—2021年草原退化程度轻微波动。研究结果将为指导巴音布鲁克草原退化程度的评价和保护草原生态系统提供一定的数据支撑和理论基础。

关键词： 草原退化; Landsat影像; Min-Max标准化; 草地退化指数; 回归模型; 巴音布鲁克草原

本文引用格式

赵剑 , 邓成军 , 李文利 , 赵金 , 公延明 , 李凯辉 . 近35 a新疆天山巴音布鲁克草原退化程度评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023 , 40(4) : 636 -646 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.04.12

Abstract

Many studies on grassland ecosystem degradation have been performed using vegetation coverage or productivity indexes for evaluation. However, it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate different degrees of grassland degradation using a single evaluation index. Taking Bayinbuluk grassland in the Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains as a research object, a remote sensing method for evaluating grassland degradation based on standardized processing sub-index coupling was proposed. The grassland vegetation coverage, average grass layer height, and total grass yield were selected to determine the weight of the three indexes by principal component analysis. The Min-Max standardized method was introduced to construct the grassland degradation index (GDI). Finally, the degree of degradation of Bayinbuluk grassland in the Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains was determined through Landsat image inversion and reasonable classification of the rate of change of grassland degradation index from 1986 to 2021. The results showed that GDIg has the best correlation with NDVI. In 2021, the proportion of undegraded area of Bayinbuluk grassland relative to the total area was 60.51%. The degree of degradation of different grassland types showed clear differences. The spatial distribution showed a trend of basin to mountain degradation. The GDIrs model could be applied to other years through the radiation registration method. The degree of degradation of Bayinbuluk grassland significantly improved from 2000 to 2009 and slightly fluctuated from 2009 to 2021. The results of this research provide robust data support and a theoretical basis for guiding evaluation of the degree of degradation of Bayinbuluk grassland and protecting the grassland ecosystem.

Key words： grassland degradation; Landsat image; Min-Max standardization; grassland degradation index; regression model; Bayinbuluk grassland

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