土壤水分特征曲线是土壤的重要水分运动参数之一,受土壤质地、容重、结构、温度等影响。为探明初始容重对土壤水分特征曲线及相应水分运动参数的影响,选取3种类型土壤,分别设置5个初始容重处理,利用van Genuchten模型拟合获取土壤水分特征曲线及其水分运动参数,分析初始容重对不同类型土壤水分特征曲线及相应水分运动参数的影响。结果表明：（1） 近饱和段（S<100 kPa）,相同土壤水吸力下3种土壤的水分特征曲线均表现为随着初始容重的增加土壤体积含水量逐渐增加;而在较高的土壤水吸力段（S>100 kPa）,黑土的水分特征曲面随着初始容重的增加平缓上升,红壤的水分特征曲面在初始容重由1.3 cm³·cm^-3增加到1.4 cm³·cm^-3的过程中呈下降趋势,塿土的水分特征曲面在初始容重由1.3 cm³·cm^-3增加到1.4 cm³·cm^-3时上升的更加陡直。（2） van Genuchten模型对土壤水分特征曲线拟合效果较好（R²>0.99）,适用于这3种类型土壤不同初始容重条件下的水分特征曲线的拟合。（3） 3种土壤的水分运动参数α、θ_s与初始容重均表现为显著的负相关关系（P<0.01）,且黑土水分运动参数α在不同初始容重间差异显著（P<0.05）;红壤的水分运动参数θ_r与初始容重表现为显著的负相关关系（P<0.01）,减小幅度达10%;黑土初始容重与土壤水分运动参数n表现为显著的正相关关系（P<0.01）;而红壤和塿土初始容重与土壤水分运动参数n呈负相关关系,但关系不显著（P>0.01）,且3种土壤不同初始容重处理间水分运动参数n的变化幅度较小,变化幅度维持在0.1左右。研究结果可为不同类型土壤、不同初始容重条件下土壤水分运动参数的获取及水文过程模拟提供参考。

Soil water characteristic curve is one of the important soil water movement parameters affected by soil texture, bulk density, structure, and temperature. Three types of soil were selected in this study and five initial bulk density treatments were set to explore the effect of initial bulk density on soil water characteristic curve and its corresponding water movement parameters. The soil water characteristic curve and its water movement parameters were obtained by van Genuchten model fitting, and the effect of initial bulk density on soil water characteristic curve and corresponding water movement parameters of different types was analyzed. The results showed that in the near-saturation stage (S < 100 kPa), the water characteristic curves of the three soils under the same soil water suction all showed a gradual increase in soil volumetric water content with the initial bulk density. In the high soil water suction section (S > 100 kPa), the water characteristic surface of black soil gradually increased with the initial bulk density, and the water characteristic surface of red soil decreased with the increase in initial bulk density from 1.3 cm³·cm^-3 to 1.4 cm³·cm^-3. The difference lies in a remarkably steep increase in the water characteristic surface of loess soil from 1.3 cm³·cm^-3 to 1.4 cm³·cm^-3. The van Genuchten model had a good fitting effect on the soil water characteristic curve (R² > 0.99), which was suitable for fitting the water characteristic curve of the three types of soil under different bulk densities. The water movement parameters α and θ_s of the three soils were significantly negatively correlated with the initial bulk density (P < 0.01), and the water movement parameters α were significantly different from the initial bulk density of the black soil (P < 0.05). The water movement parameter θ_r of red soil was also significantly negatively correlated with the initial bulk density (P < 0.01), demonstrating a 10% reduction. A significant positive correlation was also found between the initial bulk density of black soil and soil water movement parameter n (P < 0.01). The initial bulk density of red and loess soil was negatively correlated with soil water movement parameter n, but the relationship was insignificant (P > 0.01). The variation range of water movement parameter n of the three soils under different initial bulk density treatments is small, and the variation range remains at approximately 0.1. The results can provide a reference for the acquisition of soil water movement parameters and hydrological process simulation under different types of soil and initial bulk densities.