干旱区研究

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2022 , Vol. 39 >Issue 4: 1166 - 1173

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.17

土壤生态

黄土丘陵区覆沙坡面产流产沙过程及水沙关系

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  • 1.陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司,国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西 西安 710075
    2.西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西 西安 710048
    3.黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司,河南 郑州 450003
苏远逸（1993-）,男,博士,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持方面的研究. E-mail: suyuanyi666@163.com

收稿日期: 2022-01-04

  修回日期: 2022-03-21

  网络出版日期: 2022-09-26

基金资助

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-509);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JQ-961)

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Runoff and sediment yield and relationship between water and sediment of sand covered slope of loess hilly region

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  • 1. Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd. Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co. Ltd. Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Provincial Land Consolidation Engineering Technology Research Center, Xi’an 710075, Shaanxi, China
    2. Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, Shaanxi, China
    3. Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China

Received date: 2022-01-04

  Revised date: 2022-03-21

  Online published: 2022-09-26

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摘要

通过室内放水冲刷试验,对4种覆沙条件和3种径流坡长条件下的产流产沙过程及水沙关系特征进行了研究。结果表明：覆沙坡面的初始产流时间相比于黄土坡面明显延长,初始产流时间随着覆沙厚度的增加而增大,且产流量和产沙量峰值出现的时间存在不同步性。不同坡面的产流率在试验初期较小,随着产流历时的延长逐渐增大并且趋于稳定。黄土坡面的产沙率随产流历时的延长变化趋势较为平稳,覆沙坡面的产沙率波动范围较大。不同坡面的累积产沙量均随着累积产流量的增加而逐渐增大,并且两者之间呈幂函数关系。由于沙层具有一定的蓄水功能,导致覆沙坡面的侵蚀过程明显不同于黄土坡面,覆沙厚度是影响坡面侵蚀特征的重要因子,该研究为进一步揭示复合坡面的侵蚀特征提供科学依据。

关键词： 黄土; 覆沙坡面; 产流产沙; 水沙关系

本文引用格式

苏远逸,冯朝红,张扬,雷娜,张庭瑜 . 黄土丘陵区覆沙坡面产流产沙过程及水沙关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022 , 39(4) : 1166 -1173 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.17

Abstract

The characteristics of runoff and sediment and runoff-sediment relationship under four overlying sand conditions and three runoff slope length conditions were studied by indoor water discharge scoring tests. Results showed that the initial runoff time of the sand-covered slope was significantly longer than that of the loess slope, and the initial runoff time increased with the increase of sand-covered thickness. In addition, the unsynchronized time of peak runoff and sediment was found. The runoff rate of different slopes was small at the beginning of the test, and it gradually increased and stabilized with the extension of the runoff time. The sediment rate of the loess slope had a stable trend with the extension of runoff time, whereas the sediment rate of the sand-covered slope had a larger fluctuation range. The accumulated sediment on different slopes increased gradually with the increase of accumulated runoff, and a power function relationship was observed between them. The sand layer had a certain water storage function; thus, the erosion process of the sand-covered slope was evidently different from that of the loess slope. The thickness of the sand cover is an important factor affecting the erosion characteristics of the slope, which provides a scientific basis for further study of the erosion characteristics of the composite slope.

Key words： loess; sand covered slope; runoff and sediment yield; runoff-sediment relationship

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