干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1032-1038.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2015.05.28

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布哈河流域中上游地区水文地球化学与同位素特征

彭红明1,2, 许伟林1,2, 何青3, 袁有靖1,2, 王万平1,2, 汪生斌1,2   

  1. 1.青海省环境地质勘查局,青海 西宁 810007;
    2.青海省环境地质重点实验室,青海 西宁 810007;
    3.陕西省工程勘察研究院,陕西 西安 710068
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-20 修回日期:2014-11-25 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2015-10-14
  • 作者简介:彭红明(1985-),男,工程师,从事水文地质工程地质环境地质调查评价相关工作. E-mail: phm520@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局柴达木盆地循环经济试验区1∶50 000水文地质调查项目(1212011140132)

Hydrogeochemistry and Isotope Features in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Buha River Basin

PENG Hong-ming1,2, XU Wei-lin1,2, HE Qing3, YUAN You-jin1,2, WANG Wan-ping1,2, WANG Sheng-bin1,2   

  1. 1. Bureau of Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting, Xining 810007, Qinghai, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Geological Environment of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, Qinghai, China;
    3. Shaanxi Institute of Engineering Prospecting, Xi’an 710068, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2014-10-20 Revised:2014-11-25 Published:2015-09-15 Online:2015-10-14

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摘要： 布哈河是青海湖最大的补给水源,河流的水资源循环规律及水质演化趋势,对于维系青海湖水量及水质的稳定有着重要的意义。通过现场调查并结合水文地球化学、环境同位素分析方法,研究了河水、地下水的补给来源以及各水体之间的关联程度。结果表明:海拔4 600 m的河源区降水及雪冰融水为河水的主要补给源;河谷区地下水接受河水的入渗补给;基岩山区地下水对山前冲洪积平原地下水的补给作用明显;河谷Ⅰ~Ⅱ级阶地地下水接受河水的渗漏补给,Ⅲ级阶地地下水则接受山前洪积平原地下水的侧向径流补给及河水的渗漏补给。

关键词: 环境同位素, 水文地球化学, 水循环, 布哈河流域, 青海湖

Abstract: In recent 20 years,with the rapid development of key town economy in the river basin,affected by human activities and global climate change,the basin water cycle factors changed. It is necessary to carry out the research on groundwater circulation and water quality evolution rule. Buha river water,the main source of Qinghai Lake,a main place for breeding Gymnocypris przewalskii of Qinghai Lake,is significant to the stability of water resources and quality according to the surface water circulation and water chemistry. We investigated the regional hydrogeology background to outline the relationships of river water and groundwater as well as using water geochemistry and isotopes. The results suggested that the origin of river water came from precipitation and snow melt water in the river source area with elevation of 4 600 m,river water recharged groundwater in the river valley area,and main flow path of groundwater was from the basement rock mountainous area to piedmont alluvial plain. With respect to groundwater circulation,the first and second terrace was recharged by river water leakage,and the third terrace was recharged by river water leakage and lateral runoff from piedmont alluvial plain. The study result reveals the different types of groundwater recharge source and circulation change rule,and provides a scientific reference for studying the groundwater environmental evolution of the river basin and the influence of human activities on the groundwater environment in further.

Key words: environmental isotope, hydrogeochemistry, water circulation, Buha River basin, Qinghai Lake