青藏高原东北部冰雹和雷雨预警的风暴单体识别特征对比分析

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 941-948.

青藏高原东北部冰雹和雷雨预警的风暴单体识别特征对比分析

朱平¹，肖建设²，伏洋³

1.青海省气象台，青海西宁 810001；2.青海省气象科学研究所，青海西宁 810001；3.青海省应急减灾处，青海西宁 810001

收稿日期:2011-12-15 修回日期:2012-06-27 出版日期:2012-11-15 发布日期:2012-11-19
作者简介:朱平(1980-)，女，四川宜宾人，硕士，主要从事大气探测研究. E-mail: ping_xjs2010@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划项目“青海湖流域生态和环境治理技术集成与试验示范”(2007BAC30B00)

Analysis on Identification Characters of Storm Cells for Early Warning of Hail and Thunder Storms in the Northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

ZHU Ping ¹, XIAO Jian-she ², FU Yang ³

1.Qinghai Province Meteorological Observatory, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China; 2.Qinghai Province Institute of Meteorological Science, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China; 3.Qinghai Province Section of Emergency and Disaster Reduction, Xining 810001, Qinghai, China

Received:2011-12-15 Revised:2012-06-27 Online:2012-11-15 Published:2012-11-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用2006年6月至2011年8月青藏高原东北部CINRAD/CD雷达探测资料，对局地对流发生前的风暴单体特征进行分析和比较，在有利的探空条件下筛选出具有预警意义的较强风暴单体(降雹单体和雷雨单体)。通常雷雨单体强中心高度偏低，且低于0 ℃层高度(H0)，降雹单体30～45 dBz回波高度偏高(＞H045 dBz高度(H45)大于18 dBz回波顶高度(H18)的1/2。当降雹单体出现垂直积分液态水含量(VIL)的跃增量≥ 6 kg•m^-2、VIL峰值≥15 kg•m^-2、VIL密度＞2.2 g•m^-3时，即可发布冰雹天气预警。当降雹单体H45-H0≥0.5 km、0 ℃层以上VIL≥3.8 kg•m^-2时，即可发布有降水产生的冰雹天气预警。此风暴单体预警特征指标，经2011年9月的逐日雷达体扫资料验证结果表明，应用该指标能正确识别出风暴单体类型和及时发布强对流天气预警信息。TS技术评分高于60%，对青藏高原东北部的强对流天气预警起到了重要参考作用。

关键词: font-family: 宋体, mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体, mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, 风暴单体')">mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">风暴单体, ')">冰雹, ')">雷雨, ')">预警, 青藏高原

Abstract: After selecting the strong storm cells with early warning significance, in this study the identification characteristics of storm cells of both hail and thunder storms before local convection were compared and analyzed based on the data of CINRAD/CD radar detection over the northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during the period from June to August of 2006-2011 so as to achieve an early warning of hail and thunder storms. Generally, the height of strong echo center of thunder storm is low and even lower than the 0 ℃height, but the 45dBz echo (H45) height was 1/2 higher than that of 18 dBz (H18), and its HDBZM is lower than 3.5 km. The HDBZM of the cells of hail storm was higher than 3 km, and the echo height of 30 dBz (H30) was higher than the 0 ℃height. A early warning of hail storm could be issued when a sharp increase of vertically integrated liquid water content (VIL) of hailstorm cell occurred, the value was≥6 kg•m^-2, the maximum value of VIL≥15 kg•m^-2, and the VIL density was higher than 2.2 g•m^-3. An early warning of hail weather accompanying with rainfall could also be issued when the value of H45-H0 was≥0.5 km, and the value of VIL above the 0 ℃height was ≥3.8 kg•m-2. These earlywarning characteristic parameters of storm cell were verified with the daytoday radar data in September 2011, and they can be used to identify the storm types and issue the earlywarning information of strong convection weather.

Key words: font-family: 宋体, mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体, mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt, mso-ansi-language: EN-US, mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN, storm cell')">mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">storm cell, ')">hail storm, ')">thunder storm, ')">early warning, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

朱平, 肖建设, 伏洋. 青藏高原东北部冰雹和雷雨预警的风暴单体识别特征对比分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(6): 941-948.

ZHU Ping, XIAO Jian-She, FU Yang. Analysis on Identification Characters of Storm Cells for Early Warning of Hail and Thunder Storms in the Northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. , 2012, 29(6): 941-948.

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