中尺度大气数值模拟及其进展

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 273-283.

中尺度大气数值模拟及其进展

黄菁^1,2, 张强^1,2,3

1. 中国气象科学研究院，北京 100081；
2. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所，甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室，中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室，甘肃兰州 730020；
3. 甘肃省气象局，甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期:2011-02-28 修回日期:2011-05-26 出版日期:2012-03-15 发布日期:2012-04-10
作者简介:黄菁(1987-)，女，浙江人，硕士研究生，主要从事陆面过程的研究. E-mail：hj871031@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目“黄土高原陆面过程观测与试验研究”(40830957)

Mesoscale Atmospheric Numerical Simulation and Its Progress

HUANG Jing^1,2, ZHANG Qiang^1,2,3

1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration; Gansu Province Key laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction; Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3. Gansu Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2011-02-28 Revised:2011-05-26 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2012-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 首先，以MM5，RAMS，WRF模式为例，简要介绍了各模式的动力学框架、物理过程以及应用情况，同时比较了当前国内外几种著名的中尺度数值模式性能。其次，归纳分析了积云、行星边界层和陆面过程3种主要的参数化方案。积云参数化方案按其发展过程分为对流调整、大尺度水汽辐合和质量通量3类方案，对各个方案的优缺点进行了总结；行星边界层参数化方案分为总体行星边界层、高分辨行星边界层参数化方案和大涡模拟3部分，概括了每种方法的特点；还分析了陆面过程参数化的发展过程、非均匀下垫面参数化和目前主要的陆面模式。然后，简要概括了客观分析方法和3类主要的资料同化方法。最后，对该领域存在的问题进行了阐述，并展望了中尺度大气数值模拟今后的发展趋势。希望通过对这些问题的综合分析，有助于进一步开展中尺度大气数值模拟的研究。

关键词: 自然灾害, 中尺度天气, 数值预报模式, 积云, 陆面过程, 参数化方案

Abstract: In this paper, several aspects of mesoscale atmospheric numerical simulation were summed up briefly. Firstly, MM5, RAMS and WRF were taking as the cases to introduce their dynamic framework, physical processes and applications. Furthermore, the characteristics of several current well-known mesoscale numerical models were compared. Secondly, cumulus parameterization schemes, planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes and land surface parameterization schemes were respectively discussed in detail. Cumulus parameterization schemes were divided into convective adjustment, large-scale water vapor flux convergence and mass flux, and their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages were summarized. Planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes were mainly consisted of the bulk planetary boundary layer parameterization scheme, high-resolution planetary boundary layer parameterization scheme and large eddy simulation. The development of land surface process parameterization, nonuniform land surface parameterization and currently major land surface models were discussed. The objective analysis methods and three main kinds of data assimilation methods were analyzed. Finally, some problems which are needed to study were pointed out, and the development of mesoscale atmospheric numerical simulation was prospected. It is hoped to synthetically analyze these issues so as to promote the application of mesoscale atmospheric numerical simulation in the future.

Key words: natural disaster, mesoscale numerical simulation, cumulus, land surface process, parameterization

黄菁, 张强. 中尺度大气数值模拟及其进展[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(2): 273-283.

HUANG Jing, ZHANG Qiang. Mesoscale Atmospheric Numerical Simulation and Its Progress[J]. , 2012, 29(2): 273-283.

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