草甸草原动态融雪过程与气象要素关系分析——以额尔古纳市为例

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.05.08

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 1428-1436.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.05.08

草甸草原动态融雪过程与气象要素关系分析——以额尔古纳市为例

桑婧¹(),王迎宾²,钱连红¹,王海梅¹(),王淇玉³

1.内蒙古自治区生态与农业气象中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 010051
2.辽宁农业职业技术学院,辽宁营口 115009
3.成都信息工程大学,四川成都 610225

收稿日期:2022-03-15 修回日期:2022-06-21 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-10-25
通讯作者: 王海梅
作者简介:桑婧（1992-）,女,工程师,硕士,主要从事应用气象方面的研究. E-mail: 353647938@qq.com
基金资助:
内蒙古科技厅关键技术项目“基于融雪动态的内蒙古牧区雪灾时空滚动预警技术”(2021GG0019);西藏科技厅项目(XZ202102YD0012C)

Analysis of the relationship between the dynamic snowmelt process of meadow grassland and meteorological factors: Ergun City

SANG Jing¹(),WANG Yingbin²,QIAN Lianhong¹,WANG Haimei¹(),WANG Qiyu³

1. Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010051, Inner Mongolia, China
2. Liaoning Agricultural Technical College, Yingkou 15009, Liaoning, China
3. Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China

Received:2022-03-15 Revised:2022-06-21 Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-10-25
Contact: Haimei WANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用DSJ1型超声波雪深观测仪和同期气象观测数据,对2021年2—3月间发生在额尔古纳的1次融雪过程进行分析。结果表明：（1）额尔古纳融雪速度呈现先慢后快的特点,缓慢融雪期融雪速率约为0.37 cm·d^-1,快速融雪期融雪速率可达4.75 cm·d^-1,每日的2:00—19:00是雪深下降的主要时段;（2）气温与雪深之间存在线性相关关系,气温每升高1 ℃,积雪深度下降0.439 cm;当积雪深度在10 cm以上时,对雪深影响较为明显的气温区间为-11~5 ℃,且气温在0 ℃以上时,雪深与气温拟合趋势的斜率较大;（3）主要融雪期和快速融雪期气温的滞后效应不同,在融雪期内,雪深与超前3 h气温的相关关系最为显著,其次是当前气温;在快速融雪期,雪深的变化幅度主要取决于超前1 h的气温,其次是超前2 h气温;风速与雪深的相关系数最小,且不存在滞后性;（4）多气象因子综合作用是融雪期雪深变化的重要原因,但5 cm地温是影响雪深变化的主导因子。

关键词: 草甸草原, 动态融雪, 气象因素

Abstract:

The study of snow melt is of utmost importance in light of the increased global temperature and melting glaciers. The present study utilizes the ultrasonic snow depth measurement instrument, DSJ1, as well as meteorological observations from the same period, to analyze the snow melting process in Ergun from February-March, 2021. The results were as follows: (1) there is a sluggish snow melting period followed by a quick snow melting period in Ergun. During the slow snow melting season, the pace of snow melting on average was 0.37 cm·d^-1 and could reach 4.75 cm·d^-1 during the fast snow melting period. Every day between 2:00 and 19:00, the snow depth decreased at its lowest point. (2) As the temperature rose by 1 ℃, the snow depth decreased by 0.439 cm. When the snow depth was greater than 10 cm, the temperature range from -11 ℃ to 5 ℃ had a significant impact on snow depth, and the slope of the fitting trend between snow depth and temperature was greater when the temperature was above zero. (3) The temperature lag effect varied during the main and rapid snowmelt periods. The correlation between the current temperature and snow depth was the most significant factor during the rapid melting period. During the snow melt period, the change in snow depth depended primarily on the current temperature one hour ahead, followed by the temperature two hours ahead. Wind speed and direction were also critical factors. The correlation coefficient for snow depth was the lowest, and no hysteresis was evident. (4) The 5 cm ground temperature had the greatest influence on the variation in snow depth during the snow melt period in addition to the cumulative effect of multiple meteorological factors. Analysis of the law of snow melt in this paper will be followed by an in-depth analysis of the temperature change during snow melt, as well as the correlation between various meteorological factors and snow melt.

Key words: meadow grassland, dynamic snowmelt, meteorological factors

桑婧,王迎宾,钱连红,王海梅,王淇玉. 草甸草原动态融雪过程与气象要素关系分析——以额尔古纳市为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(5): 1428-1436.

SANG Jing,WANG Yingbin,QIAN Lianhong,WANG Haimei,WANG Qiyu. Analysis of the relationship between the dynamic snowmelt process of meadow grassland and meteorological factors: Ergun City[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(5): 1428-1436.

图/表 9

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

表1

参考文献 20

[1]	IPCC. Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis[R]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021.
[2]	刘昊, 宋海清, 李云鹏. 积雪深度再分析资料在内蒙古的适用性评价[J]. 干旱气象, 2020, 38(4): 641-646.
	[Liu Hao, Song Haiqing, Li Yunpeng. Applicability evaluation of snow depth reanalysis data in Inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2020, 38(4): 641-646. ]
[3]	陆智, 刘志辉, 闫彦. 新疆融雪洪水特征分析及防洪措施研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2007, 14(6): 256-258.
	[Lu Zhi, Liu Zhihui, Yan Yan. Features of snowmelt flood and control measures in Xinjiang[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2007, 14(6): 256-258. ]
[4]	周刚, 崔曼仪, 李哲, 等. 新疆春季融雪洪水危险性动态评价研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(4): 950-960.
	[Zhou Gang, Cui Manyi, Li Zhe, et al. Dynamic evaluation of the risk of the spring snowmelt flood in Xinjiang[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(4): 950-960. ]
[5]	Armstrong R L, Brodzik M J. Recent northern hemisphere snow extent: A comparison of data derived from visible and microwave satellite sensors[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2001, 28(19): 3673-3676. doi: 10.1029/2000GL012556
[6]	DA Robinson, Dewey K F, Heim R R. Global snow cover monitoring: An update[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1993, 74(9): 1689-1696. doi: 10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<1689:GSCMAU>2.0.CO;2
[7]	杨林, 马秀枝, 李长生, 等. 积雪时空变化规律及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2019, 34(6): 96-102.
	[Yang Lin, Ma Xiuzhi, Li Changsheng, et al. Research progress in spatioal-temporal variation of snow cover and the influencing factors[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2019, 34(6): 96-102. ]
[8]	Liu X, Yanai M. Influence of Eurasian spring snow cover on Asian summer rainfall[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2002, 22(9): 1075-1089. doi: 10.1002/joc.784
[9]	施雅风. 中国冰川与环境:现在、过去和未来[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2001.
	[Shi Yafeng. Glaciers and The Environment in China: Present, Past and Future[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2001. ]
[10]	萨楚拉, 刘桂香, 包刚, 等. 内蒙古积雪面积时空变化及其对气候响应[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2013, 27(2): 137-142.
	[Sa Chula, Liu Guixiang, Bao Gang, et al. The spatial and temporal changes of snow cover in Inner Mongolia and their responses to climate[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2013, 27(2): 137-142. ]
[11]	舒常禄. 内蒙古大兴安岭林区近40年积雪时空动态变化[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2018.
	[Shu Changlu. Study on the Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Snow Cover of Great Xing’an Mountains’ Forest Region Inner Mongolia[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2018. ]
[12]	李晨昊, 萨楚拉, 刘桂香, 等. 2000—2017年蒙古高原积雪时空变化及其对气候响应研究[J]. 中国草地学报, 2020, 234(2): 98-107.
	[Li Chenhao, Sa Chula, Liu Guixiang, et al. Spatiotemporal changes of snow cover and its response to climate changes in the Mongolian Plateau from 2000 to 2017[J]. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2020, 234(2): 98-107. ]
[13]	孙晓瑞, 高永, 丁延龙, 等. 基于MODIS数据的2001—2016年内蒙古积雪分布及其变化趋势[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(1):107-115.
	[Sun Xiaorui, Gao Yong, Ding Yanlong, et al. Distribution and trend of snow cover in Inner Mongolia from 2001 to 2016 based on MODIS data[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(1): 107-115. ]
[14]	柯丹, 汪玲玲, 牛生杰, 等. 基于常规气象资料融雪模式的建立及应用[J]. 大气科学学报, 2010, 33(5): 555-560.
	[Ke Dan, Wang Lingling, Niu Shengjie, et al. A Snowmelt model based on rountine meteoroligical data[J]. Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences, 2010, 33(5): 555-560. ]
[15]	郭玲鹏, 李兰海, 徐俊荣, 等. 气温变化条件下融雪速率和土壤水分变化的同步观测试验[J]. 干旱区研究, 2012, 29(5): 890-897.
	[Guo Lingpeng, Li Lanhai, Xu Junrong, et al. Experimental study on simultaneous observation of snowmelt and soil moisture content under air temperature increase[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2012, 29(5): 890-897. ]
[16]	杨涛, 郭玲鹏, 黄法融, 等. 沙尘对天山积雪消融的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(1): 122-129.
	[Yang Tao, Guo Lingpeng, Huang Farong, et al. Influence of dust on snowpack in the Tianshan Mountains[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2018, 35(1): 122-129. ]
[17]	彭亮, 郑淑文, 何英, 等. 基于MODIS的积雪时空变化与CMADS气象因子相关性研究——以塔什库尔干河流域为例[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2019, 30(4): 53-62.
	[Peng Liang, Zheng Shuwen, He Ying, et al. Correlation between temporal and spatial changes of snow cover and CMADS meteorological factors based on MODIS: A case study of Tashkurgan River Basin[J]. Journal of Water Resources & Water Engineering, 2019, 30(4): 53-62. ]
[18]	张娟, 徐维新, 王力, 等. 三江源腹地玉树地区动态融雪过程及其与气温关系分析[J]. 高原气象, 2018, 37(4): 936-945. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00001
	[Zhang Juan, Xu Weixin, Wang Li, et al. Dynamic snow melting process and its relationship with air temperature in the hinterland of Sanjiangyuan Region in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2018, 37(4): 936-945. ] doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00001
[19]	周扬, 徐维新, 张娟, 等. 2013—2015年青藏高原玛多地区两次动态融雪过程及其与气温关系对比分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(1): 101-113.
	[Zhou Yang, Xu Weixin, Zhang Juan, et al. A comparative analysis of the two dynamic snow-melting process and their relationship with air temperature during 2013-2015 in the area of Maduo, Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2017, 32(1): 101-113. ]
[20]	周扬, 徐维新, 白爱娟, 等. 青藏高原沱沱河地区动态融雪过程及其与气温关系分析[J]. 高原气象, 2017, 36(1): 24-32. doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00013
	[Zhou Yang, Xu Weixin, Bai Aijuan, et al. Dynamic snow-melting process and its relationship with air temperature in Tuotuohe, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2017, 36(1): 24-32. ] doi: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00013

时期	回归步数	变量	变量偏相关检验			回归方程参数
时期	回归步数	变量	偏相关系数	P	R²	调整R²	F	P
快速融雪期	1	Gst_5	-0.685	<0.001	0.813	0.811	430.173	<0.001
	2	Win_10	-0.437	0.002	0.892	0.889	402.762	<0.001
	3	LGst1	-0.401	<0.001	0.9	0.896	289.616	<0.001
	4	Gst1	0.321	0.001	0.906	0.902	231.785	<0.001
	5	Tem1	-0.313	0.002	0.915	0.911	205.486	<0.001

草甸草原动态融雪过程与气象要素关系分析——以额尔古纳市为例

Analysis of the relationship between the dynamic snowmelt process of meadow grassland and meteorological factors: Ergun City

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 20

相关文章 1

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0