西北一次强沙尘天气的数值模拟及其诊断

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.01.01

Abstract

Abstract:

Dust storms are a major weather hazard in arid and semiarid regions, causing significant harm to human health and welfare and productivity. This study examined a severe dust storm event in northwest China using surface observation data from the National Meteorological Information Center, MODIS satellite data, and urban air quality data from March 18 to 23, 2023. The study combined the HYSPLIT backward trajectory model and the WRF-Chem atmospheric chemistry model to examine the dust source and impact range, focusing on the mechanisms behind the severe dust storm at Zhangye, a central site along the transport path. The main findings were that the dust storm affected much of northern China in phases, with dust emissions occurring in distinct regions on March 19, 20, and 21, each with unique transport ranges and impact areas. Dust in the Hexi Corridor primarily originated from Jiuquan. WRF-Chem simulations showed that the highest PM₁₀ concentration occurred at Zhangye Station, reaching 6966.7 μg·m^-3 The dust event in Zhangye originated from upstream dust transport and local dust emission. First, near-surface intense northwesterly winds over 16 m·s^-1 near Jiuquan, under unstable atmospheric conditions, triggered upward movement, which lifted dust particles to high altitudes and transported them downstream, where they settled around 3-4 km above Zhangye. Second, before the arrival of upstream dust, Zhangye’s lower atmosphere exhibited instability, and the convergence of strong surface winds and wind direction triggered local dust uplift, further intensifying the dust storm.

Key words: severe dusty weather, numerical simulation, diagnostic analysis, Northwest China

CAO Yidan, MA Minjin, KANG Guoqiang, CHEN Ran. Numerical simulation and diagnosis of a severe dust storm event in Northwest China[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(1): 1-13.

Figures/Tables 14

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物理/化学过程	参数化方案
微物理	Lin
长波辐射	RRTMG
短波辐射	RRTMG
积云参数化	Grell-Devenyi
边界层	YSU
近地面层	Monin-Obukhov
陆面过程	Noah
气溶胶参数化	GOCART
起沙参数化	Shao04

Numerical simulation and diagnosis of a severe dust storm event in Northwest China

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