干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2016 , Vol. 33 >Issue 1: 59 - 66

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2016.01.06

天气与气候

基于FY-2气象卫星的塔克拉玛干沙漠黑风暴天气判识方法研究

  • 马丽云 ,
  • 李帅
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  • 1.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000;
    2.乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
马丽云(1964-),女,副高,从事遥感在气象应用等方面的研究.E-mail: shzmly@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-18

  修回日期: 2014-08-29

  网络出版日期: 2016-01-29

基金资助

中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2013011);国家自然科学基金(41505077,41271098)共同资助

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Identification of Dark Sandstorm Process in Taklamakan Desert Based on FY-2 Meteorological Satellite Data

  • MA Li-yun LI Shuai
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  • 1. Institute of Desert Meteorology of Urumqi,CMA,Urumqi 830000,Xinjiang,China;
    2. Urumqi Meteorological Satellite Ground Station,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China

Received date: 2014-03-18

  Revised date: 2014-08-29

  Online published: 2016-01-29

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摘要

塔克拉玛干沙漠是我国西部最主要的沙尘暴源区,利用FY-2C、FY-2D静止气象卫星数据并结合FY-3A/VIRR极轨气象卫星数据,对塔克拉玛干沙漠 “冷空气东灌型”和“冷空气翻山型”两类黑风暴天气过程的起源、移动、加强和扩散演变进行了多星动态监测,并应用国家卫星气象中心沙漠和半干旱地区大气中沙尘强度的表征参量〔IDDI〕产品对阈值进行了验证,确定了黑风暴的判识阈值方法。结果表明:先用空间分辨率高的FY-3极轨气象卫星数据对大范围的沙尘进行初步判识,再用时间分辨率高的 FY-2静止卫星数据对塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘进行动态监测,此种沙尘判识的方法不仅是可行的,而且能快速、准确地确定沙尘暴的发生、发展以及影响的区域。对沙尘的定量化判识具有较高的精度,弥补了荒漠地区常规沙尘天气资料短缺的不足。

关键词： 黑风暴; 静止气象卫星; 极轨气象卫星; 塔克拉玛干沙漠

本文引用格式

马丽云 , 李帅 . 基于FY-2气象卫星的塔克拉玛干沙漠黑风暴天气判识方法研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2016 , 33(1) : 59 -66 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2016.01.06

Abstract

Taklimakan desert is the major sandstorm source area of west China.Ground observation sites in Xinjiang are sparse,especially conventional stations dust elements monitoring in less,therefore the monitoring data such as dust weather change,development,transfer and its strength properties data are extremely short,there exists technical problems to evaluate the sand and dust weather quantitatively.In terms of time and space,there is a great deal of potential advantages to monitor dust weather process using satellite remote sensing technology.Based on data ofFY-2C and FY-2D Geostationary Meteorological Satellite with FY-3A/VIRR polar-orbiting satellite,the source,movement,enhancement and spread evolution of two black storm types as“cold air eastern injection” and “cold air crossover”were monitored dynamicallyin the Taklimakan Desert,then the identification threshold of black storm which quoted by the IDDL products of National Satellite Meteorological Center was verified and confirmed.It showed that,the identification way which took preliminary identification for large-scale dust by use of the characteristics of FY-3A/VIRR high spatial resolution firstly,and then monitored the dust dynamically applied by the FY-2 high temporal resolution data was feasible.Furthermore,the above-mentioned method can determined the area of sandstorm occurrence,development and influences quickly and accurately,quantification of dust identification can be achieved,and the lack of conventional weather data in the desert was compensated by the high-degree precision data.

Key words： black storm; geostationary meteorological satellite; polar orbit meteorological satellite; Taklimakan Desert

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