The West Ordos,which is located in the core region of the Alashan-Ordos biodiversity center,is one of the key areas for biodiversity researches. In recent years, mineral resources are exploited in a large scale, industrial zones are expanding all the time and grazing continuously happens. The impacts of anthropogenic factors lead to a high degree of regional habitat fragmentation. If we take the change in the global climate into consideration , all of the above seriously threat to community diversity. In order to repair the broken habitat and construct a reasonable vegetation cover, we must know more about the composition of the native communities, especially we need to master the difference and relations between different layers of the communities and the desert communities with the neighbors. Here we use the field community investigation method to investigate and analyze 53 plots from 12 plant formations in this region. The results indicate that ① The west Ordos desert vegetation includes a number of mono-type and oligoro-types genera, such as Tetraena mongolica, Helianthemum ordosicum, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, Potaninia mongolica, Tugarinovia mongolica. They not only increased the diversity of plant communities in West Ordos, but also reflected the uniqueness of plant diversity. ② Shrubs in West Ordos steppe desert, in terms of the composition of the life form spectrum, is 13.1% higher than that of adjacent desert steppe and become constructive or dominant species of communities in different habitats. Most of them are constructive or dominant species in different habitats and sufficiently reflect the feature of steppe desert. ③ By comparison of plant life form spectra between steppification desert and desertification steppe, shrub is 13.1% higher in steppification desert than desertification steppe. In terms of the water ecological type spectrum, the proportion of strong xerophytes is 15.9% higher in the desertification steppe nearby, although typical xerophytes are the dominant plants here. ④ There are many kinds of plant community types in West Ordos steppification desert. Species diversity of typical steppification desert communities (such as Form. Zygophyllum xanthoxylon, Form. Potaninia mongolica, Form. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, Form. Tetraena mongolica, Form. Helianthemum soongoricum, Form. Artemisia ordosica) has a higher diversity and is of stability due to interactions between the herb layer and shrub layer. ⑤ Compared with desertification steppe, β-diversity is higher in West Ordos steppification desert communities. For this reason, West Ordos steppification desert can accommodate more communities for co-existing together.
〔1〕 朱宗元,马毓泉,刘钟龄,等.阿拉善—鄂尔多斯生物多样性中心的特有植物和植物区系的性质〔J〕.干旱区资源与环境,1999,13(2):1-16.〔Zhu Zongyuan,Ma Yuquan,Liu Zhongling,et al.Endemic plants and floristic characteristics in Alashan-Ordos biodiversity center〔J〕.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,1999,13(2):1-16.〕
〔2〕 倪健,陈仲新,董明,等.中国生物多样性的生态地理区划〔J〕.植物学报,1998,40(4):370-382.〔Ni Jian,Chen Zhongxin,Dong Ming,et al.An ecogeographical regionalization for biodiversity in China〔J〕.Acta Botanica Sinica,1998,40(4):370-382.〕
〔3〕 张颖娟,贺寅月,王斯琴花.西鄂尔多斯4种荒漠珍稀灌木根际土壤养分特征〔J〕.水土保持通报,2012,32(2):52-55.〔Zhang Yingjuan,He Yinyue,Wang Siqinhua.Soil nutrition in rhizosphere of four desert rareshrub species in Western Ordos〔J〕.Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(2):52-55.〕
〔4〕 张颖娟,王玉山.沙埋对西鄂尔多斯珍稀植物种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响〔J〕.西北植物学报,2010,30(1):126-130.〔Zhang Yingjuan,Wang Yushan.Effects of sand bury on seed germination and seedling emergence of four rare species in West Ordos area〔J〕.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2010,30(1):126-130.〕
〔5〕 Ma J,Han X,Qin S.A study of the endangered plants of the West Ordos Plateau,China using remote sensing data〔J〕.International Journal of Remote Sensing,2005,26(11):2 297-2 310.
〔6〕 冯金朝,周宜君,周海燕,等.沙冬青对土壤水分变化的生理响应〔J〕.中国沙漠,2001,21(3):223-226.〔Feng Jinzhao,Zhou Yijun,Zhou Haiyan,et al.Physiological responses of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus(Maxim) to change of soil moisture〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2001,21(3):223-226.〕
〔7〕 王迎春.内蒙古西鄂尔多斯古老残遗物种生活史适应机制的比较研究〔D〕.呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2000:16-20.〔Wang Yingchun.A Comparative Study on Life History Strategies of Ancient Relic Species in West Erdos Region〔D〕.Hohhot:Inner Mongolia University,2000:16-20.〕
〔8〕 李骁,王迎春,征荣.西鄂尔多斯地区强旱生小灌木水分参数的研究(Ⅰ)〔J〕.中国沙漠,2005,25(4):581-586.〔Li Xiao,Wang Yingchun,Zheng Rong.Water parameters of xeric shrubs in West Erdos region(Ⅰ)〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(4):581-586.〕
〔9〕 李新荣.试论鄂尔多斯高原灌木多样性的若干特点〔J〕.资源科学,2000,22(3):54-59.〔Li Xinrong.Dissussion on the characteristics of shrubby diversity of Ordos Plateau〔J〕.Resources Science,2000,22(3):54-59.〕
〔10〕 李新荣,张新时.鄂尔多斯高原荒漠化草原与草原化荒漠灌木类群生物多样性研究〔J〕.应用生态学报,1999,10(6):665-669.〔Li Xinrong,Zhang Xinshi.Biodiversity of shrub community in desert steppe and steppe desert on Erdos Plateau〔J〕.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,1999,10(6):665-669.〕
〔11〕 Li X R.Study on shrub community diversity of Ordos Plateau,Inner Mongolia,northern China〔J〕.Journal of Arid Environments,2001,47:271-279.
〔12〕 陈曦,姜逢清,王亚俊,等.亚洲中部干旱区生态地理格局研究〔J〕.干旱区研究,2013,30(3):385-390.〔Chen Xi,Jiang Fengqing,Wang Yajun,et al.Characteristics of the eco-geographical pattern in arid land of Central Asia〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2013,30(3):385-390.〕
〔13〕 闫瑞瑞,卫智军,辛晓平,等.放牧制度对荒漠草原可萌发土壤种子库的影响〔J〕.中国沙漠,2011,31(3):703-708.〔Yan Ruirui,Wei Zhijun,Xin Xiaoping,et al.Effects of grazing systems on germinable soil seed bank of desert steppe〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2011,31(3):703-708.〕
〔14〕 韩芳,刘朋涛,牛建明,等.50 a来内蒙古荒漠草原气候干燥度的空间分布及其演变特征〔J〕.干旱区研究,2013,30(3):449-456.〔Han Fang,Liu Pengtao,Niu Jianming,et al.Spatial distribution and evolution of climatic aridity in desert steppe in Inner Mongolia in recent 50 years〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2013,30(3):449-456.〕
〔15〕 黄永梅,张明理.鄂尔多斯高原植物群落多样性时空变化特点〔J〕.生物多样性,2006,14(1):13-20.〔Huang Yongmei,Zhang Mingli.Temporal and spatial changes of plant community diversity on the Ordos Plateau〔J〕.Biodiversity Science,2006,14(1):13-20.〕
〔16〕 包萨如拉,赵利清,朴顺姬,等.西鄂尔多斯维管植物区系特征分析〔J〕.中国沙漠,2012,32(2):428-436.〔Bao Sarula,Zhao Liqing,Piao Shunji,et al.Floristic characteristics of vascular plants in West Ordos〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(2):428-436.〕
〔17〕 李博,史培军,李天杰,等.内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原自然资源与环境研究〔M〕.北京:科学出版社,1990:90-93.〔Li Bo,Shi Peijun,Li Tianjie,et al.Reserch of Nature Resource and Environment in Ordos Plateau Inner Mongolia〔M〕.Beijing:Science Press,1990:90-93.〕
〔18〕 刘增力,郑成洋,方精云.河北小五台山北坡植物物种多样性的垂直梯度变化〔J〕.生物多样性,2004,12(1):137-145.〔Liu Zengli,Zheng Chengyang,Fang Jingyun.Changes in plant species diversity along an elevation gradient on Mt.Xiaowutai,Hebei,China〔J〕.Biodiversity Science,2004,12(1):137-145.〕
〔19〕 马克平,黄建辉,于顺利,等.北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究:Ⅱ丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数〔J〕.生态学报,1995,15(3):268-277.〔Ma Keping,Huang Jianhui,Yu Shunli,et al.Plant community diversity in Dongling Mountain,Beijing,Chaina:Ⅱ.Species richness,evenness and species diversities〔J〕.Acta Ecologica Sinica,1995,15(3):268-277.〕
〔20〕 中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队.内蒙古植被〔M〕.北京:科学出版社,1985:443-445,645-695.〔Comprehensive Expedition for Inner Mongolia and Ningxia from Chinese Academy of Sciences.Vegetation in Inner Mongolia〔M〕.Beijing:Science Press,1985:443-445,645-695.〕
〔21〕 王霞,杨晓晖,张建军,等.西鄂尔多斯高原植被与环境间的关系研究〔J〕.中国水土保持科学,2007,5(3):84-89.〔Wang Xia,Yang Xiaohui,Zhang Jianjun,et al.The relationship between vegetation and environment in Western Ordos Plateau〔J〕.Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,5(3):84-89.〕
〔22〕 李新荣,刘新民,杨正宇.鄂尔多斯高原荒漠化草原和草原化荒漠灌木类群与环境关系的研究〔J〕.中国沙漠,1998,18(2):123-130.〔Li Xinrong,Liu Xinmin,Yang Zhengyu.A study on the relation of shrub community and environment in desertified steppe and steppefied desert of Ordos Plateau〔J〕.Journal of Desert Research,1998,18(2):123-130.〕
〔23〕 张璞进,杨劼,赵利清.鄂尔多斯高原藏锦鸡儿(Caragana tibetica)个体层次对干旱的生态适应性〔J〕.干旱区研究,2011,28(5):839-848.〔Zhang Pujin,Yang Jie,Zhao Liqing.Ecological adaptability of Caragana tibetica individuals in the Ordos Plateau〔J〕.Arid Zone Research,2011,28(5):839-848.〕
