基于对榆神府矿区1990年、2000年和2006年3期TM影像的解译结果,选取斑块面积、面积百分比、斑块破碎度、斑块分形维数、分离度指数、香农多样性指数、优势度指数、均匀度指数和破碎化指数等指标,得出景观格局演变规律,并运用生态系统服务价值估算方法,探讨了生态系统服务价值对景观格局演变的响应。结果显示:榆神府矿区16 a间景观多样性增加,均匀度上升,优势度下降,破碎化有所改善,景观异质性程度提高,林地、建设用地和工矿用地范围显著扩大; 生态系统服务价值呈现逐年增长的态势,16 a间增长了10.39×108元,同期林地生态服务价值增加最多,达14.59×108元,耕地生态系统服务价值减少最为明显,减少了3.96×108元;土壤形成与保护、水源涵养、生物多样性保护、气体调节4项功能在生态系统服务价值中占主体地位,对环境保护发挥着重要作用。
The landscape structure evolution may significantly affected the regional ecological service value.Taking the TM images in 1990 and 2006, and ETM+ images in 2000 as underlying data, combined with analytical methods, we analyzed the landscape pattern change and estimated the ecosystem service values from 1990 to 2006 in Yushenfu Mining Area. The results showed that the landscape diversity index and evenness index were rising during the last 16 years while the landscape dominance index was falling. Woodland, construction and industrial land were expanding but cultivated land was decreasing. From 1990 to 2006, total value of ecosystem services (ESV) increased by 10.39×108 yuan in Yushenfu mining area. Meanwhile, the ESV of woodland increased by 14.59×108 yuan. On the contrary, the ESV of cultivated land reduced by 3.96×108 yuan. In summary, soil formation and conservation, water resources conservation, biodiversity protection and gas regulation occupied the main position of the ecological functions in the region and played important roles in the protection of the ecological environment.
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