干旱区研究

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2014 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 591 - 595

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2014.04.02

天气与气候

乌鲁木齐冬春季气溶胶散射吸收特性的差异性及其影响因素

  • 陈学刚 ,
  • 魏疆 ,
  • 任泉 ,
  • 张克磊
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  • 1.新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源自治区重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;
    2.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;
    3.新疆大学资源与环境学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830046;
    4.乌鲁木齐市天山区气象局,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    5.新疆农业大学草业和环境科学学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
陈学刚(1977-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事环境地理研究. E-mail:caschxg@126.com
魏疆. E-mail:cd95hj@sina.com

收稿日期: 2013-02-04

  修回日期: 2013-06-01

  网络出版日期: 2014-08-11

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(41161029,41161074);新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源自治区重点实验室基金(XJDX0909-2010-03)

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Scattering/absorption Properties of Aerosol and Its Affecting Factors over Urumqi in Spring and Winter

  • CHEN Xue-gang ,
  • WEI Jiang ,
  • REN Quan ,
  • ZHANG Ke-lei
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  • 1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Region, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China;
    2. College of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China;
    3. College of Resources & Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China;
    4. Tianshan District Meteorology Bureau, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China;
    5. College of Prataculture and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received date: 2013-02-04

  Revised date: 2013-06-01

  Online published: 2014-08-11

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摘要

采用积分式浑浊度仪,于2012年1月和5月在乌鲁木齐对气溶胶的散射和吸收系数进行了连续观测,分析冬、春季气溶胶散射和吸收系数的变化趋势,同时,结合同期的相关气象资料和污染物浓度,对变化特征进行了讨论。结果表明:冬、春季气溶胶的散射、吸收系数具有相同的变化趋势,总体上呈现出“W”型;冬季散射、吸收系数分别是春季的10~20倍和5~10倍,说明大气气溶胶的消光作用主要以散射为主。相对湿度(RH)和风速与散射、吸收系数具有显著相关性,污染物浓度和散射吸收系数同样具有显著相关性,其中PM10和NO2对散射系数的影响大于吸收系数,而SO2则对吸收系数的影响较大,反映出不同污染物对气溶胶的散射吸收系数存在差异。

关键词： 大气气溶胶; 散射系数; 吸收系数; 气象因子; 污染物浓度; 乌鲁木齐

本文引用格式

陈学刚 , 魏疆 , 任泉 , 张克磊 . 乌鲁木齐冬春季气溶胶散射吸收特性的差异性及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2014 , 31(4) : 591 -595 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2014.04.02

Abstract

The serious air pollution in Urumqi is caused by the special hill and valley terrains, irrational energy structure and increase of the consumption of heating energy in winter, which intensify the environmental problems. Even in the better environment, people still feel that the city is being shrouded by “black fog”. The present study investigated one of the important factors, i.e. the impact of atmospheric aerosols on light. Aiming at revealing the different periods of aerosols affecting visible light, the integrating nephelometer was used to observe the scattering and absorption coefficients of aerosols during the period from January to May 2012. The variations of aerosol scattering and absorption coefficients in winter and spring were analyzed based on the meteorological and pollutant concentration data. The results showed that the change trends of scattering and absorption coefficients in winter and spring were similar, and their curves were W-shaped. The maximal values of scattering and absorbing coefficients in winter and spring were 1 210 Mm-1, 244 Mm-1, 95 Mm-1 and 42 Mm-1 respectively. Moreover, the scattering and absorbing coefficients in winter were 10-20 and 5-10 times of that in spring. The results indicated that the extinction of aerosols was mainly depended on scatting. There was a significant correlation between the relative humidity and wind speed and the scattering and absorbing coefficients. The reason was that the increase of air relative humidity helped the aerosol condensation and the increase of aerosol particle size. Wind speed had a positive effect on the scattering and absorption of aerosols, and it also played an important role in concentration reduction and dispersion of pollutants. There was a significant correlation between pollutant concentration and scattering and absorption coefficients, and the effect of PM10 and NO2 on the scattering coefficient was higher than that of absorbing coefficient. The results indicated that the contribution of PM10 to the scattering coefficient was higher than that to the absorption coefficient in north China. SO2 and NO2 affected significantly the scattering and absorbing coefficients of aerosols. It could be conclude that the effects of different pollutants on the scattering and absorption coefficients of aerosols were different.

Key words： aerosol; scattering coefficient; absorption coefficient; meteorological factor; pollutant concentration; Urumqi

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