受人类活动影响，塔里木河干流的水质受到不同程度的污染。水质评价结果表明，源流河水污染很轻，而干流上、中游污染较重，干流下游由于有孔雀河水量加入，水质污染较上、中游稍轻。在监测指标中，主要是矿化度、硫酸盐和氯化物的超标率上升造成污染负荷比的上升。

Water quality was polluted to a certain degree in main stream of Tarim River under the effect of human activities．The results of water quality assessment showed that the pollution of water quality was very light in source flows and serious in the upper and middle reaches of Tarim River. Because water was input from Kongque River in the lower reaches of Tarim River,pollution of water quality in this area was lighter than that in the upper and mid– dle reaches of Tarim River．The degree of mineralization,content of sulphate and chloride a– mong the surveying index are high,they caused pollution of water quality．