干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 8: 1473 - 1487

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2025.08.11

生态与环境

吐鲁番盆地绿洲区地下水“三氮”空间分布与影响因素

  • 赵晓玉 ,
  • 姜凤 ,
  • 周金龙 ,
  • 周殷竹 ,
  • 丁启振
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  • 1.新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    3.新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室， 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    4.中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心， 天津 300304
赵晓玉（2001-），硕士研究生，主要从事水文地球化学方面的研究. E-mail: 18135926563@163.com
周金龙. E-mail: zjzhoujl@163.com

收稿日期: 2025-04-09

  修回日期: 2025-06-05

  网络出版日期: 2025-11-24

基金资助

国家重点研发计划“大气与土壤、地下水污染综合治理”专项(2023YFC3706901);国家重点研发计划“大气与土壤、地下水污染综合治理”专项(2023YFC3706903)

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Spatial distribution and factors influencing “three nitrogen” in groundwater in the oasis area of the Turpan Basin

  • ZHAO Xiaoyu ,
  • JIANG Feng ,
  • ZHOU Jinlong ,
  • ZHOU Yinzhu ,
  • DING Qizhen
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  • 1. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2. Xinjiang Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering Research Center, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    3. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    4. Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300304, China

Received date: 2025-04-09

  Revised date: 2025-06-05

  Online published: 2025-11-24

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摘要

地下水对吐鲁番盆地绿洲区经济发展起着不可替代的作用，但其“三氮”（NO3--N、NO2--N和NH4+-N）造成了一定程度的污染风险，影响着当地居民的健康。基于2023年采集的54组水样分析结果，综合运用数理统计法、APCS-MLR模型、相关性分析、离子比值法、空间插值法等方法分析该区域地下水“三氮”空间分布与影响因素。结果表明：（1） 研究区地下水整体呈中性偏弱碱性，多为淡水。NO3--N超标率为35.56%，NO2--N和NH4+-N均未超标。水平方向上，NO3--N含量呈现由西北向东南逐渐递增趋势；垂直方向上，超标的NO3--N多集中于60~100 m的浅层潜水和20~55 m的承压水区浅层地下水。（2） 研究区地下水中“三氮”分别处于不同污染源中，由APCS-MLR模型量化得出，NO3--N主要在人类活动污染源上载荷较大（47.56%），NO2--N主要受自然条件影响（62.47%），NH4+-N主要受碱性还原环境影响（55.73%）。（3） 影响吐鲁番盆地绿洲区地下水“三氮”分布的因素包括人类活动、水化学环境、地下水位埋深及包气带岩性。

关键词： 地下水; 三氮; APCS-MLR模型; 影响因素; 吐鲁番盆地

本文引用格式

赵晓玉 , 姜凤 , 周金龙 , 周殷竹 , 丁启振 . 吐鲁番盆地绿洲区地下水“三氮”空间分布与影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025 , 42(8) : 1473 -1487 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.08.11

Abstract

Groundwater plays an essential role in supporting economic development in the oasis region of the Turpan Basin, Xinjiang, China. However, pollution by the “three nitrogen” compounds (NO3--N, NO2--N, and NH4+-N) poses a certain degree of environmental and health risks to local residents. Based on the analysis results of 54 groundwater samples collected in 2023, this study investigates the spatial distribution and factors influencing the “three nitrogen” forms using mathematical statistics, the APCS-MLR model, hydrochemical correlation analysis, ion ratio analysis, and spatial interpolation methods. The results revealed the following: (1) Groundwater in the study area was generally neutral to weakly alkaline and primarily comprised fresh water. The over-standard rate for NO3--N was 35.56%, whereas NO2--N and NH4+-N concentrations did not exceed the standard. Horizontally, NO3--N concentrations increased gradually from northwest to southeast. Vertically, excessive NO3--N was mainly concentrated in unconfined shallow waters at depths of 60-100 m and in confined shallow groundwater at depths of 20-55 m. (2) The “three nitrogen” species in groundwater were derived from different pollution sources. The APCS-MLR analysis indicated that NO3--N was predominantly associated with anthropogenic activities (47.56%), NO2--N was mainly affected by natural conditions (62.47%), and NH4+-N was largely related to alkaline and reducing environments (55.73%). (3) The primary factors influencing the spatial distribution of the “three nitrogen” compounds included human activities, hydrochemical environment, groundwater table depth, and the lithology of the vadose zone.

Key words： groundwater; three nitrogen compounds; APCS-MLR model; influencing factors; Turpan Basin

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