生物资源

环境因素及种间竞争在群落多样性格局中的作用

  • 朱羚 ,
  • 金一兰 ,
  • 丛日慧 ,
  • 刘庆福 ,
  • 丁勇 ,
  • 张庆
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  • 1.内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    2.中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业部草地生态与修复治理重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
朱羚(1994-),女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为群落生态学. E-mail:18698428243@163.com
张庆. E-mail:qzhang82@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-01-22

  修回日期: 2018-06-26

  网络出版日期: 2025-11-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31760150);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB138802);内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2015MS0302)

Effects of Environmental Factors and Interspecific Competition in Community Biodiversity Pattern

  • ZHU Ling ,
  • JIN Yi-lan ,
  • CONG Ri-hui ,
  • LIU Qing-fu ,
  • DING Yong ,
  • ZHANG Qing
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  • 1. School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,Inner Mongolia,China;
    2. Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology and Restoration,Ministry of Agriculture,Hohhot 010010,Inner Mongolia,China

Received date: 2018-01-22

  Revised date: 2018-06-26

  Online published: 2025-11-18

摘要

以内蒙古典型草原多年围封草场的丘坡为研究区,沿坡面均匀设置6条样线,共计96个样方,探究坡位对典型草原群落物种多样性和功能多样性的影响,并讨论环境因素和种间竞争在群落两种维度多样性格局中的作用。结果表明:① 物种多样性和功能多样性沿坡位变化的趋势一致。随着坡位上升,群落的物种丰富度和功能丰富度均单调递减,物种均匀度、物种优势度和功能均匀度、功能离散度均先增加后降低。② 从整个坡位来看,土壤全磷含量是影响群落物种丰富度的主要因子,并与功能丰富度显著相关;种间竞争是影响物种均匀度、物种优势度和功能离散度的重要因素,并与功能均匀度显著相关。③ 群落物种多样性及功能多样性在上坡位主要受到种间竞争与环境的共同作用,在下坡位则主要受到种间竞争的影响。因此,在探究群落生物多样性格局变化的过程中,要综合考虑环境因素和生物因素的共同作用。

本文引用格式

朱羚 , 金一兰 , 丛日慧 , 刘庆福 , 丁勇 , 张庆 . 环境因素及种间竞争在群落多样性格局中的作用[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018 , 35(6) : 1427 -1435 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2018.06.20

Abstract

This study was conducted in hillside in a typical grassland enclosed for many years in Inner Mongolia,and six transects with 96 sample plots in total were evenly designed along the slope.The purposes of the study were to explore the effects of slope position on species diversity and functional diversity of a typical grassland community,and to discuss the effects of environmental factors and interspecific competition in two different dimensions of diversity.The results showed that: ① The trend of species diversity and functional diversity of the community was consistent with the change of slope position.With the increase of slope position,the species richness and functional richness of the community decreased monotonically; while the species evenness,species dominance,functional evenness and functional dispersion increased at first and then decreased; ② The total phosphorus content on the whole slope was the main factor affecting the species richness of the community and correlated with the functional richness significantly.Interspecific competition was the key factor affecting the species evenness,species dominance,functional dispersion and functional evenness and correlated with the functional evenness significantly; ③ The species diversity and functional diversity of the community were mainly affected by the interspecific competition and environmental factors in the uphill position,but mainly affected by interspecific competition in the downhill position.Therefore,the joint effects of environmental factors and biological factors should be taken into account in exploring the change of community biodiversity pattern.

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