以克里雅流域上游河水为研究对象,收集克里雅站2004—2013年及部分20世纪90年代以前水文数据,结合气温、降水等资料,使用多元相关统计方法和水化学图示法等进行综合分析,揭示克里雅河河水的离子化学组成和变化特征,并探讨其影响因素。结果显示:① 克里雅河河水矿化度变化在203~1 081 mg·L-1,平均值518 mg·L-1,相对世界河流平均水平偏高;② 河水阳离子Na++K+含量最高,主要阳离子浓度依次为(Na++K+)>Ca2+>Mg2+,河水阴离子以HCO-3为主,主要阴离子浓度依次为HCO-3＞SO2-4＞Cl-;③ 夏季河水离子浓度受流量控制最为明显,即流量越大(小),矿化度越小(大);丰水期克里雅河河水以地表径流补给为主,枯水期河水几乎全部来自地下水,由于不同时期汇流路径的不同,河水离子浓度出现随流量的年内变化;④ 河水离子主要来源于岩石风化,其中蒸发岩的风化影响最大。
In this study,the multi-year data of hydrochemistry,temperature and precipitation in the upper reaches of the Keriya River in 10 consecutive years from 2004 to 2013 and in some years before 1990 were collected.The multivariate correlation statistical method and hydrochemical diagrams were used to discuss the chemical composition and variation characteristics of main ions in water of the Keriya River as well as their affecting factors.The results are as follows:① The water salinity varied in a range of 203-1 081 mg·L-1,and its mean value was 518 mg·L-1.The salinity was higher than the average level of the rivers in the world;② Na++K+ were the most abundant cations,and the cation concentration was in an order of (Na++K+)> Ca2+> Mg2+.The main anion was dominated by HCO-3,and the anion concentration was in an order of HCO-3> SO24> Cl-;③ The ion concentration was mainly affected by stream flow in summer,that is,the higher the flow was,the lower the salinity would be.The Keriya River was mainly supplied by surface runoff in raining season but almost by groundwater in dry season.The concentration of ions varied with the change of stream flow due to the different confluence paths in different periods;④ Weathering of rock was the main source of the ions in water of the Keriya River,especially that of evaporite.
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