新疆因其独特的自然地理、生态环境条件，形成了丰富的野生植物资源，其中作为麦类作物野生近缘种质资源的小麦族植物是国内外公认的改良现有小麦、大麦栽培品种抗逆性、抗病虫性和籽粒品质的重要基因源。随着2016年APG IV被子植物分类方法的提出以及第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动工作和2021年第三次新疆综合科学考察项目的开展，本文在查阅相关植物资源研究文献及小麦族植物标本的基础上，结合实地考察，对新疆小麦族植物属的界定以及种的分类进行进一步考证说明。新疆小麦族植物有11个属级单位，通过分类考证和物种鉴定共有108种（含栽培10种），物种资源包括有旱麦草属Eremopyrom 4种，冰草属Agropyron 5种（栽培1种），山羊草属Aegilops 1种，小麦属Triticum 7种（栽培6种），黑麦属Secale 3种（栽培2种、农田杂草1种），偃麦草属Elytrigia 6种，披碱草属Elymus 57种，假鹅观草属Pseudoroegneria 1种，新麦草属Psathyrostachys 3种，大麦属Hordeum 6种（栽培1种），赖草属Leymus 15种。 基于披碱草属Elymus、鹅观草属Roegneria和仲彬草属Kengyilia植物具有很多相同的形态特征，及以DNA分析技术为基础的植物分子系统学研究，支持Á. Löve提出的广义披碱草属Elymus L. sensu lato的观点，同时将文献记载的8种新疆模式产地的仲彬草属Kengyilia植物重新组合在披碱草属Elymus中，并组合命名。本研究可为新疆麦类野生植物资源的后续科学研究和资源保护提供科学依据与理论参考。

With its unique natural geography and ecological environment, Xinjiang boasts a rich diversity of wild plant resources. Among these, the Triticeae plants, as the wild relatives of cereal crops, are recognized domestically and internationally as important genetic resources for improving the stress resistance, disease and pest resistance, and grain quality of existing wheat and barley cultivars. Following the introduction of the angiosperm classification system APG IV in 2016, the launch of the third national survey and collection of crop germplasm resources, and the initiation of the third Xinjiang Comprehensive Scientific Expedition Project in 2021, this study conducted further taxonomic verification and elucidated the delimitation of genera and species classification of Triticeae plants in Xinjiang on the basis of relevant literature review, examination of Triticeae plant specimens, and field research. The Triticeae plants in Xinjiang are classified into 11 genera, comprising a total of 108 species (including 10 cultivated species): Eremopyrum (4 species), Agropyron (5 species, including one cultivated species), Aegilops (1 species), Triticum (7 species, including six cultivated species), Secale (3 species, including two cultivated species and one agricultural weed), Elytrigia (6 species), Elymus (57 species), Pseudoroegneria (1 species), Psathyrostachys (3 species), Hordeum (6 species, including one cultivated species), and Leymus (15 species). Given the shared morphological characteristics among Elymus, Roegneria, and Kengyilia as well as molecular phylogenetic studies based on DNA analysis, this study supports the broad concept of Elymus L. sensu lato proposed by Á. Löve. Furthermore, in this study, eight species of Kengyilia originally documented as Xinjiang-type specimens are reclassified and renamed under Elymus L. sensu lato. The study provides a scientific basis and theoretical reference for the follow-up research and resource protection of wild wheat plants in Xinjiang.