干旱区研究

干旱区研究 >

2025 , Vol. 42 >Issue 3: 397 - 408

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13866/j.azr.2025.03.01

天气与气候

中国西北地区逆温时空变化

  • 沙贝宁 ,
  • 杨余辉 ,
  • 黄佛君 ,
  • 叶茂
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  • 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，绿洲发展研究所，新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054
沙贝宁（1999-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事人文地理与地域人地关系研究. E-mail: s_991024@163.com
黄佛君. E-mail: hfj19762005@xjnu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2024-04-02

  修回日期: 2024-07-16

  网络出版日期: 2025-03-17

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(42161004);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk0406)

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Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the temperature inversion in Northwest China

  • SHA Beining ,
  • YANG Yuhui ,
  • HUANG Fojun ,
  • YE Mao
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  • Institute of Oasis Development, Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Region of Xinjiang, College of Geography and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang, China

Received date: 2024-04-02

  Revised date: 2024-07-16

  Online published: 2025-03-17

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摘要

基于2022—2023年19个探空站点的资料，探究西北地区对流层低、中和高层逆温时空变化特征。结果表明：（1） 在月变化上，西北地区低、中和高层的逆温特征具有一致性，在12月和次年1—2月最大，6—8月最小。（2） 在空间分布上，低、中和高层的逆温特征空间分布差异显著。低层逆温中，新疆北部地区低层逆温频率最大，为40%~60%；陕西北部地区低层逆温厚度最厚，为90 m以上；新疆大部分地区低层逆温强度较强，为2~3 ℃。中层逆温中，青海中层逆温频率最大，为40%~50%，中层逆温频率呈现出青海地区向外递减趋势。高层逆温中，新疆北部地区高层逆温特征尤为显著，高层逆温频率呈现以新疆北部地区为中心，向四周递减的分布趋势。（3） 西北地区低层逆温的发生与地面辐射、地形有关，中层逆温的发生与暖平流、下沉运动有关，高层逆温的发生可能与温带对流层顶和臭氧有关。（4） 受太阳辐射和地面辐射冷却影响，西北地区夏季0 ℃层高度以下，逆温强度强；0 ℃层高度以上，逆温强度弱。

关键词： 逆温; 对流层; 时空变化; 形成原因; 0 ℃层高度; 西北地区

本文引用格式

沙贝宁 , 杨余辉 , 黄佛君 , 叶茂 . 中国西北地区逆温时空变化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025 , 42(3) : 397 -408 . DOI: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.03.01

Abstract

Based on the data from 19 sounding stations in 2022-2023, this study investigates the temporal and spatial variations of the temperature inversions in the lower, middle, and upper troposphere in northwest China. The results indicated the following: (1) In terms of monthly variations, inversions across all three tropospheric levels exhibit similar patterns, peaking in December and January-February of the following year and reaching a minimum from June to August. (2) In terms of spatial distribution, among the low-level inversions, low-level inversions were most frequent in northern Xinjiang, at 40%-60%; the greatest thickness of low-level inversions was observed in northern Shanxi, exceeding 90 m; the intensity of low-level inversions was stronger in most areas of Xinjiang, ranging from 2 ℃ and 3 ℃. For mid-level inversions, their frequency was highest in Qinghai and decrease outward from this region. High-level inversions were most pronounced in northern Xinjiang, with their frequency decreasing outward from this region. (3) The occurrence of low-level inversions in northwest China is influenced by surface radiation and topography, the occurrence of mid-level inversions is associated with warm advection and subsidence movement, and the occurrence of high-level inversions may be related to the top of the temperate troposphere and ozone. (4) In the summer of northwest China, influenced by solar radiation and surface cooling. below the 0 ℃ isotherm height, the intensity of inversions is stronger; above the 0 ℃ isotherm height, the inversions have weaker intensity.

Key words： temperature inversion; troposphere; spatial and temporal variation; formation reason; 0 ℃ isotherm height; Northwest China

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