干旱区研究

干旱区研究

• 中国山地生物多样性 •    下一篇

准东荒漠区五种典型植物水分来源

彭丽萍 1，2，戴岳1，2，师庆东1，2，3   

  1. 1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;2.新疆绿洲生态重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830046;3.新疆大学干旱生态环境研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐 830046
  • 发布日期:2019-01-01
  • 基金资助:
    自治区重点研发计划项目(2017B03017-3)；国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAC15B01)

Water sources of five typical plant species in desert area of the Eastern Junggar Basin

Peng Liping1,2，Dai Yue1,2，Shi Qingdong1,2,3   

  1. 1.College of resources and environmental science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;2.Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;3.Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
  • Published:2019-01-01

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摘要： 研究区位于准东地区的荒漠戈壁地，水是主要限制性因子之一，不同生活型植物水分来源不同，本研究运用稳定同位素示踪技术，对准东荒漠区五种典型植物（梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）、白梭梭（Haloxylon persicum）、刺旋花（Bindweed spinam）、琵琶柴（Reaumuria soongonica）和盐生假木贼（Anabasil salsa））的小枝木质部水及其潜在水源的氧稳定同位素（δ18O）的组成进行测定，运用IsoSource模型分析这五种植物对各潜在水源的利用比例，PS指数定量分析不同植物间水分利用关系。结果表明：五种植物都主要利用土壤水，但其主要吸水层位不同，梭梭和白梭梭主要利用深层土壤水（140-200 cm），利用比例分别为:73%-87%和43%-74%，吸水层都位于140-160 cm；琵琶柴主要利用浅层土壤水（0-80 cm），利用比例为:49%-85%，吸水层位于60-80 cm；盐生假木贼和刺旋花主要利用浅层土壤水（0-60 cm)，利用比例分别为：80%-91%和24%-79%，盐生假木贼吸水层位于20-40 cm，刺旋花吸水层位于40-60 cm。梭梭和白梭梭，盐生假木贼和刺旋花两两存在水源竞争的现象。此研究为荒漠地区生态修复中植被的恢复与重建以及对植物在干旱环境下的适应性了解提供参考依据。

关键词: 梭梭, 白梭梭, 刺旋花, 琵琶柴, 盐生假木贼, 稳定同位素, 水分来源

Abstract: In desert environments, water is the principal factor that limiting plant distribution, and plants with different life form have different water sources. As hydrogen stable isotopes are prone to fractionation in salt-tolerant and drought-tolerant plants. So, in this study, oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) were measured for xylem water of five typical plant species, soil water in different soil layers and groundwater in the Eastern Junggar Basin. Five typical plant species were Haloxylon ammodendron, Haloxylon persicum, Bindweed spinam, Reaumuria soongonica and Anabasil salsa, respectively. The IsoSource model was used to calculate the possible ranges of potential water sources used by the five typical plant species. The proportional similarity index(SPI) was used to analyze the water use relationship among different plant species. The result showed that the five typical plant species mainly used soil water but had different water uptake soil layers. H. ammodendron and H. persicum mainly used soil water in the depth of 140-200 cm, with the possible contribution of 73%-87% and 43%-74% , respectively, and water uptake soil layer was at 140-160 cm. R. soongonica mainly used soil water in the depth of 0-80 cm, with the possible contribution of 49%-85%, and water uptake soil layer was at 60-80 cm. A. salsa and B. spinam mainly used soil water in the depth of 0-60 cm, with the possible contribution of 80%-91% and 24%-79%, respectively, and water uptake soil layer were at 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm, respectively. There were water use competition between H. ammodendron and H. persicum, A. salsa and B. spinam. This study helps us to know more about the adaption of plants in the desert environment and the recovery of local vegetation.

Key words: Haloxylon ammodendron, Haloxylon persicum, Bindweed spinam, Reaumuria soongonica, Anabasil salsa, stable isotopes, water sources