干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 326-336.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.02.16

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    

1990—2021年内蒙古遥感生态环境质量变化及趋势分析——以呼伦贝尔市陈巴尔虎旗为例

张雨斯1,2(),包玉海1,2(),贺忠华3   

  1. 1.内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022
    2.内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022
    3.浙江省气候中心，浙江 杭州 310056
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-28 修回日期:2022-11-24 出版日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 包玉海
  • 作者简介:张雨斯（1994-），女，在读博士研究生，主要从事叶绿素荧光遥感研究. E-mail: zhangyusi@mails.imnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21K20200001);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ21d050001)

Detecting the change and trend of remote sensing ecological quality in Inner Mongolia from 1990-2021： A case study of Chenbarhu Banner of Hulunbuir City

ZHANG Yusi1,2(),BAO Yuhai1,2(),HE Zhonghua3   

  1. 1. School of Geographical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, Inner Mongolia, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010022, Inner Mongolia, China
    3. Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310056, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2022-05-28 Revised:2022-11-24 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-03-08
  • Contact: Yuhai BAO

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摘要：

基于长时间序列遥感数据，提取能够反映生态环境质量的4个关键指标，利用主成分分析方法构建了遥感生态指数(Remote Sensing Ecological Index, RSEI)，结合Mann-Kendall趋势显著性检验分析内蒙古呼伦贝尔草原1990—2021年生态环境质量变化情况及变化趋势。结果表明：（1） RSEI能够全面反应内蒙古草原生态环境质量。30 a间草原生态环境质量以改善为主，整体呈现每年0.0037的上升趋势（P<0.01），线性回归R2达0.39。通过M-K趋势显著性检验，RSEI在2012—2021年间呈现显著上升趋势，遥感生态环境质量得到明显改善。（2） 总体而言，研究区内RSEI的植被绿度对第一主成分的贡献最大，因此二者结果存在较高相似度；但生态环境质量的构成包括绿度、干度、湿度和热度等多要素，单一绿度难以完全表征区域生态质量情况。（3） RSEI呈现出由西向东逐渐变好的空间分布状况。研究区西部牧业草原地区生态质量状况差于东部森林、农耕地区，RSEI空间呈现趋势与植被覆盖度相同。本研究丰富了内蒙古草原生态环境质量评估方法，可为内蒙古草甸草原的生态保护、生态修复、开发利用和持续发展提供重要参考。

关键词: 呼伦贝尔草原, 陈巴尔虎旗, 遥感生态指数, Landsat, 时空分析

Abstract:

The ecological civilization construction in Inner Mongolia, an important ecological barrier in northern China, is important for national ecological security, the stability of the border areas, and the sustainable economic and societal development of the minority areas. In this study, we extracted four key indices based on long-term satellite observations to describe the quality of the ecosystem. We constructed the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) through principal component analysis. Furthermore, we adopted the Mann-Kendall (M-K) trend test for analyzing the changes in ecological quality in the Hulunbuir grassland of Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2021. The RSEI can comprehensively reflect the quality of the ecological environment, and results revealed that the quality of grassland in Inner Mongolia has improved in the past 30 years, with an increasing trend of 0.0037 every year (P < 0.01; R2 = 0.39). The significant increasing trend of RSEI and the improved ecological quality from 2012 to 2021 was further verified through the M-K trend significance test. A single factor cannot fully characterize regional ecological quality so, four factors i.e., greenness, dryness, humidity, and heat were included in RSEI. The space quality showed a gradual improvement from west to east, with lower RSEI for grassland in the west compared with that for forest and farming areas in the east. A similar trend for quality was observed with the variation of the vegetation coverage. This study enriched the assessment methods of grassland ecological quality in Inner Mongolia, which can provide an important reference for the ecological protection, restoration, utilization, and sustainable development of meadow steppe in Inner Mongolia.

Key words: Hulunbuir grassland, Chenbarhu Banner, RSEI, Landsat, spatiotemporal analysis