天山不同海拔雪岭云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.04

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 327-338.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.04

天山不同海拔雪岭云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应

石仁娜·加汗^1,^2,³(),张同文^2,³,喻树龙^2,³,姜盛夏^2,³,许仲林¹()

1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830046
2.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002
3.中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2020-06-28 修回日期:2020-10-17 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-04-25
通讯作者: 许仲林
作者简介:石仁娜·加汗（1993-）,女,硕士研究生,研究方向为自然地理学. E-mail:1193080242@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题(2018D04028);国家自然科学基金项目(41975095);国家自然科学基金项目(U1803245);天山青年计划“杰出青年科技人才”(2019Q007);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究子专题(2019QZKK010206);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费项目资助(IDM2018004)

Picea schrenkiana response to climate change at different altitudes in Tianshan Mountains

Shirenna Jiahan^1,^2,³(),ZHANG Tongwen^2,³,YU Shulong^2,³,JIANG Shengxia^2,³,XU Zhonglin¹()

1. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
2. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China
3. Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physicochemical Research of China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China

Received:2020-06-28 Revised:2020-10-17 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-25
Contact: Zhonglin XU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究不同海拔雪岭云杉（Picea schrenkiana）径向生长对气候要素的响应关系,分别在新疆伊犁尼勒克喀什河流域森林低、中、高海拔采集雪岭云杉树芯样本,建立不同海拔雪岭云杉树轮宽度年表。树轮年表与气象资料相关分析结果显示：影响3个采样点树木径向生长的气候因子主要是平均气温和相对湿度,对降水响应微弱。高、低海拔树轮径向生长对气温和相对湿度的响应相同,均对气温正响应,与相对湿度负响应,中海拔则与高低海拔相反。自1991年研究区气候突变后,雪岭云杉径向生长发生“生长分异”,高、低海拔树轮宽度指数呈显著下降,而中海拔呈显著上升。气候突变点前后,树木径向生长主要对气温和相对湿度响应关系不稳定,中海拔对5—9月的气温的正相关和对相对湿度的负相关显著增强,而低、高海拔主要与7—8月的气温转为显著负相关,与1—2月、7—8月相对湿度的正相关显著加强。根据雪岭云杉对气候要素的响应模式,气温的快速升温会加快水分蒸发,相对湿度随之下降,从而引起的干旱加剧对低、高海拔林区雪岭云杉生长产生负面影响,而适宜的增温可能对森林中部雪岭云杉生长具有促进作用。

关键词: 天山, 雪岭云杉（Picea schrenkiana）, 树木年轮, 不同海拔, 气候变化, 分异现象

Abstract:

In order to study the difference in the response of radial growth of Picea schrenkiana to climate factors at different altitudes, the core samples of schrenk spruce were collected from the low, middle and high altitudes forest areas in the Nilka Kashi river basin of the Western Tianshan Mountains, the tree ring-width standard dendrochronology at different altitude was established. The result of correlation analysis between tree ring chronology and meteorological data showed that, The chronology of the three sampling points mainly responded to temperature and relative humidity, but responded weakly to precipitation. The radial growth of tree ring at high and low altitudes had the same response to temperature and relative humidity, both of which have positive response to temperature, and negative response to relative humidity, while the radial growth at middle altitude was opposite to high and low altitudes. Since the study area occured abrupt climate change in 1991, the width of schrenk spruce appeared the “growth differentiation”, the tree-ring width index of low-high altitudes showed a downward trend, while the middle altitude showed an upward trend. Before and after the abrupt transition point, the radial growth of trees had an unstable response to temperature and relative humidity. The positive correlation of the mid-altitude chronology to the temperature from May to September and the negative correlation to the relative humidity were significantly enhanced, The low and high altitude chronology had a significant negative correlation with the temperature from July to August, and a significant positive correlation with the relative humidity from June to August. According to the response model of schrenk spruce to climate factors, the rapid warming will lead to intensified evaporation, and the relative humidity decrease, which may cause negative effects on the growth of schrenk spruce in the low and high altitude forest, and the appropriate temperature increase may promote the growth of schrenk spruce in the middle forest.

Key words: Tianshan, Picea schrenkiana, tree ring, different altitudes, climate change, divergence phenomenon

石仁娜·加汗,张同文,喻树龙,姜盛夏,许仲林. 天山不同海拔雪岭云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(2): 327-338.

Shirenna Jiahan,ZHANG Tongwen,YU Shulong,JIANG Shengxia,XU Zhonglin. Picea schrenkiana response to climate change at different altitudes in Tianshan Mountains[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 327-338.

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采样点	年表代号	纬度（N）	经度（E）	海拔/m	坡向	坡度/（°）	样本量
尼勒克县喀什河9	KS9	43.79°	83.36°	1614	WWN	30	22棵/44个
尼勒克县喀什河8	KS8	43.70°	83.61°	1804	WWN	30	25棵/50个
尼勒克县喀什河2	KS2	43.62°	84.13°	2400	E	30	26棵/52个

年表特征	KS9	KS8	KS2
平均敏感度（MS）	0.188	0.159	0.137
标准差（SD）	0.246	0.344	0.271
样本相关系数（r1）	0.503	0.219	0.342
树内相关系数（r2）	0.599	0.326	0.397
树间相关系数（r3）	0.425	0.162	0.315
一阶自回归系数（AC1）	0.562	0.812	0.699
信噪比（SNR）	23.249	11.242	23.905
样本总代表性（EPS)	0.959	0.918	0.960
EPS>0.85起始年	1880	1780	1800

年表代号	KS9	KS8	KS2
KS9	1
KS8	0.347^**	1
KS2	0.220^**	0.180^*	1

天山不同海拔雪岭云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应

Picea schrenkiana response to climate change at different altitudes in Tianshan Mountains

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