干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 961-971.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2014.05.27

• 其他 • 上一篇    下一篇

策勒流沙前沿柽柳灌丛沙堆地表蚀积变化特征

毛东雷1,2,3,4, 雷加强1,4, 王翠1,2,4, 李生宇1, 周杰1,2,4, 再努拉·热和木吐拉1,2,4   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049;
    3.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054;
    4.新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆 策勒 848300
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-25 修回日期:2013-05-28 出版日期:2014-09-15 发布日期:2014-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 雷加强. E-mail:desert@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:毛东雷(1975-),男,讲师,在职博士,主要从事风沙地貌及荒漠化防治研究. E-mail:donglei6325@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(201130106-1)

Change of Wind Erosion or Sand Deposition on Surface of Tarimax Nebkha at Mobile Dune Front in Qira

MAO Dong-lei1,2,3,4, LEI Jia-qiang1,4, WANG Cui1,2,4, LI Sheng-yu1, ZHOU Jie1,2,4, ZAINULA Rehmutula1,2,4   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. College Geographical Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
    4. Qira National Station for Steppe Ecosystem Observation and Research, Qira 848300 Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2013-03-25 Revised:2013-05-28 Published:2014-09-15 Online:2014-09-25

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摘要： 为了研究柽柳灌丛沙堆表面蚀积变化特征及其风沙环境演变方向,采用插钎法对策勒流沙地半球形柽柳灌丛沙堆进行地表蚀积变化观测,结合同步气象数据,采用数理统计和函数拟合方法分析,结果表明:柽柳灌丛沙堆迎风坡和顶部为风积区,沙堆外围西北区、北翼区、南翼区均为年蚀积动态平衡区,在一年内既不风蚀也不风积。灌丛沙堆外围的西南区为严重的沙丘前移风蚀区,受多风向变化影响,沙堆外围的东侧背风区为轻微—中等程度的风蚀区。沙堆表面年净风积量为0.47 m3,风蚀量为0.004 8 m3,风蚀主要发生在背风坡坡底和裸露的坡脚上。沙堆表面风积量与每个阶段起沙风时间呈一定相关性,除了北翼区表面风积量与大于起沙风平均风速中等相关外,其余几个观测小区风蚀量、风积量与对应的大于起沙风的平均风速之间相关性较差,沙堆西区、北翼区、背风区表面风蚀量与起沙风时间为中等程度相关性,背风区的相关性最好,灌丛沙堆表面和外围南翼区风积量与每个阶段起沙风时间呈中等程度相关性。

关键词: 流沙前沿, 柽柳灌丛沙堆, 蚀积变化, 策勒, 新疆

Abstract: In this paper,the wind erosion or sand deposition and the evolution of wind-blowing sand environment on the surface of Tamarix nebkha were researched.The change of wind erosion or sand deposition on surface of typical hemispheric Tamarix nebkha over mobile sandy land in Qira was observed based on the meteorological data using the methods of mathematical statistics and function fitting.The results revealed that the sand deposition occurred on the upward slope and at the top of Tamarix nebkha; northwestern,northern and southern wings were all the dynamically-balanced zones.Serious wind erosion occurred in the southwestern peripheral area of the Tamarix nebkha,and the slight or moderate wind erosion occurred in the leeward area of the Tamarix nebkha.The annual net sand deposition and wind erosion on surface of Tamarix nebkha were 0.47 m3 and 0.004 8 m3 respectively.Wind erosion occurred mainly at the foot and on the bare leeward slope of the Tamarix nebkha.There was a certain correlation between sand deposition on surface of Tamarix nebkha and the time of sand-driving wind velocity at all the observation stages.The correlation between sand deposition in the northern area and average sand-driving wind time was moderate,but it was poor in other areas.

Key words: mobile dune front, Tamarix nebkha, wind erosion and deposition change, Qira, Xinjiang